Typically affecting women more than men, melasma is a common skin condition characterised by dark patches or discoloration on the face. While it is not a serious medical condition, it can cause distress and affect one’s self-esteem.
Symptoms
· Symmetrical brown or grey-brown patches on the face, particularly on the cheeks, forehead, nose and upper lip.
· Patches are usually well-defined and may vary in size and shape.
· Skin discoloration does not cause any physical discomfort or itching.
Causes
· Sun exposure: UV rays from the sun can trigger melasma or worsen existing patches
· Hormonal changes: Melasma is often associated with hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or while taking hormonal contraceptives
· Genetics: A family history of melasma increases the likelihood of developing the condition
· Ethnicity: Individuals with darker skin tones, especially those of Hispanic, Asian or African descent have a higher risk of melasma
Treatment
· Sun protection: Regular and consistent use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF, along with protective clothing and wide-brimmed hats can help prevent melasma from worsening.
· Topical creams: Prescription creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, tretinoin, corticosteroids or azelaic acid may be recommended to lighten the patches and even out the skin tone.
· Chemical peels: Mild chemical peels using substances like glycolic acid or trichloroacetic acid can help exfoliate the skin and reduce the appearance of melasma.
· Laser therapy: Certain laser treatments, such as intense pulsed light (IPL) or fractional laser therapy, can target and break up the excess pigmentation in the affected areas.
· Cosmetics: The use of makeup or camouflage creams can provide temporary coverage and help individuals feel more confident while undergoing treatment.
It is important to consult a dermatologist or a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment plan for melasma.
Contact me and together we can determine the best treatment plan for your melasma.