Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. There are several different types of eczema each with their unique symptoms and treatment options.
Atopic Dermatitis is the most common type of eczema. It is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that usually begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood. Atopic dermatitis can occur anywhere on the body but it most commonly affects the face, hands and feet.
Treatment options:
- Regular use of moisturisers can help prevent dryness and itching.
- Topical corticosteroids: These are anti-inflammatory medications that can reduce redness, itching, and swelling.
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors: These are non-steroidal medications that can be used for people who can’t tolerate corticosteroids or have sensitive skin. They can help reduce inflammation and itchiness.
- Systemic medications: For severe cases, doctors may prescribe oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressants.
Contact Dermatitis is a type of eczema that occurs when the skin comes into contact with a substance that irritates or triggers an allergic reaction. Common triggers include chemicals, metals, and fragrances. Typically hands are affected, but it can occur anywhere on the body.
Treatment options:
- Avoiding triggers: The best way to treat contact dermatitis is to avoid the irritant.
- Topical corticosteroids
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors
- Oral antihistamines to help relieve itching and redness.
Nummular Eczema also known as discoid eczema, is a type of eczema that appears as circular patches of dry, scaly skin. These patches can be very itchy and often occur on the arms and legs.
Treatment options:
- Moisturisers
- Topical corticosteroids
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors
- Oral or topical antibiotics may be required
- Phototherapy can be used in some cases to help reduce inflammation and itching.
Dyshidrotic Eczema also known as pompholyx, is a type of eczema that causes small, itchy blisters on the hands and feet. The blisters can be very painful and can cause the skin to become red and swollen.
Treatment options:
- Moisturisers
- Topical corticosteroids
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors
- Oral antihistamines
Seborrheic Dermatitis affects the scalp, face, and upper chest. It causes red, scaly patches that can be itchy and uncomfortable. Seborrheic dermatitis is often referred to as “dandruff” when it affects the scalp. While the exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is unknown, it is believed to be related to the overgrowth of yeast on the skin. The condition can occur in people of all ages, but it is more common in infants and adults with oily skin.
Treatment options:
- Medicated shampoos: Over-the-counter shampoos containing ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or coal tar can be effective in treating seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp. They should be used daily or every other day until symptoms improve.
- Topical corticosteroids: Mild corticosteroid creams or ointments are typically used for a short period of time can help reduce inflammation and itching associated with seborrheic dermatitis.
- Topical antifungal agents: Creams or ointments containing antifungal medications such as clotrimazole or miconazole can be used to treat seborrheic dermatitis on the face and upper chest.
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors: Non-steroidal medications such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus can be effective in treating seborrheic dermatitis on the face and other sensitive areas of the skin.
- Oral medications: In severe cases of seborrheic dermatitis, oral medications such as terbinafine, itraconazole, or isotretinoin may be prescribed by a dermatologist.
- Lifestyle changes: In addition to medication, certain lifestyle changes can help manage seborrheic dermatitis. These include reducing stress, avoiding triggers such as harsh soaps or cosmetics, and practicing good skin hygiene.
Stasis Dermatitis is a skin condition that occurs when there is a build-up of fluid under the skin in the legs due to poor circulation. This fluid can cause the skin to become red, itchy, and inflamed. Over time, the skin can become thickened and develop open sores.
Treatment options:
- Compression stockings to improve blood flow and elevating the legs to reduce swelling,
- Topical creams or ointments containing corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory agents.
- In severe cases, oral medications or surgery may be necessary.
- Maintaining good skin hygiene and avoiding irritants can also help manage symptoms of stasis dermatitis
Lichen Simplex Chronicus (LSC) is a skin condition characterized by thickened, leathery skin that is intensely itchy. It is typically caused by repetitive scratching or rubbing of the skin in response to an initial itch or irritation. The affected area may become darker or discolored, and open sores may develop over time.
Treatment options:
- Topical corticosteroids
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors
- Avoiding irritants such as soaps or cosmetics that may exacerbate the condition.
- In some cases, behavioural therapy or counseling may be recommended to help manage the urge to scratch or rub the affected area.
- Moisturisers and emollients can also help keep the skin hydrated and reduce itching.
- In severe cases, oral medications or light therapy may be recommended
In addition to medication and avoiding triggers, maintaining good skin hygiene and wearing protective clothing can also help manage symptoms of eczema.
Contact me and I can help determine the best treatment plan for your eczema.